Electromagnetic induction and eddy current effect: When alternating current passes through a single-core cable, an alternating magnetic field is generated around the cable. If this cable passes through a steel pipe, since the steel pipe is a conductor, the alternating magnetic field will generate electromagnetic induction inside the steel pipe, and then eddy currents will be produced in the steel pipe. Eddy currents are generated by the Gerakan melingkar elektron bebas dalam pipa baja di bawah pengaruh medan magnet . proses ini mengkonsumsi energi listrik dan menyebabkan pipa baja memanaskan . jika ada panas yang berlebihan, itu dapat menyebabkan masalah keamanan seperti api .
Magnetic fields with opposite current directions cancel each other out: If multiple cables in the same circuit (such as three phase lines and one neutral line in a three-phase four-wire system) are run through the pipe together, due to their opposite current directions, the generated magnetic fields will cancel each other out, and thus no significant eddy currents will be produced inside the steel pipe. However, since single-core cables have only one conductor, the Medan magnet yang mereka hasilkan tidak dapat dibatalkan oleh konduktor lain, sehingga efek eddy arus akan lebih jelas .
